可能经常用到的标准模块和第三方常用的50个库
本文由python培训班授课老师整理数学计算：
numbers — Numeric abstract base classes math — Mathematical functions cmath — Mathematical functions for complex numbers decimal — Decimal fixed point and floating point arithmetic fractions — Rational numbers random — Generate pseudo-random numbers itertools — Functions creating iterators for efficient looping functools — Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects operator — Standard operators as functions 文件和目录访问： os.path — Common pathname manipulations fileinput — Iterate over lines from multiple input streams stat — Interpreting stat() results statvfs — Constants used with os.statvfs() filecmp — File and Directory Comparisons tempfile — Generate temporary files and directories glob — Unix style pathname pattern expansion fnmatch — Unix filename pattern matching linecache — Random access to text lines shutil — High-level file operations dircache — Cached directory listings macpath — Mac OS 9 path manipulation functions 数据持久化: pickle — Python object serialization cPickle — A faster pickle copy_reg — Register pickle support functions shelve — Python object persistence marshal — Internal Python object serialization anydbm — Generic access to DBM-style databases whichdb — Guess which DBM module created a database dbm — Simple “database” interface gdbm — GNU’s reinterpretation of dbm dbhash — DBM-style interface to the BSD database library bsddb — Interface to Berkeley DB library dumbdbm — Portable DBM implementation sqlite3 — DB-API 2.0 interface for SQLite databases 通用操作系统服务: os — Miscellaneous operating system interfaces io — Core tools for working with streams time — Time access and conversions argparse — Parser for command-line options, arguments and sub-commands optparse — Parser for command line options getopt — C-style parser for command line options logging — Logging facility for Python logging.config — Logging configuration logging.handlers — Logging handlers getpass — Portable password input curses — Terminal handling for character-cell displays curses.textpad — Text input widget for curses programs curses.ascii — Utilities for ASCII characters curses.panel — A panel stack extension for curses platform — Access to underlying platform’s identifying data errno — Standard errno system symbols ctypes — A foreign function library for Python 可选的操作系统服务: select — Waiting for I/O completion threading — Higher-level threading interface thread — Multiple threads of control dummy_threading — Drop-in replacement for the threading module dummy_thread — Drop-in replacement for the thread module multiprocessing — Process-based “threading” interface mmap — Memory-mapped file support readline — GNU readline interface rlcompleter — Completion function for GNU readline 进程间通信和网络: subprocess — Subprocess management socket — Low-level networking interface ssl — TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects signal — Set handlers for asynchronous events popen2 — Subprocesses with accessible I/O streams asyncore — Asynchronous socket handler asynchat — Asynchronous socket command/response handler 互联网数据处理: email — An email and MIME handling package json — JSON encoder and decoder mailcap — Mailcap file handling mailbox — Manipulate mailboxes in various formats mhlib — Access to MH mailboxes mimetools — Tools for parsing MIME messages mimetypes — Map filenames to MIME types MimeWriter — Generic MIME file writer mimify — MIME processing of mail messages multifile — Support for files containing distinct parts rfc822 — Parse RFC 2822 mail headers base64 — RFC 3548: Base16, Base32, Base64 Data Encodings binhex — Encode and decode binhex4 files binascii — Convert between binary and ASCII quopri — Encode and decode MIME quoted-printable data uu — Encode and decode uuencode files 结构化标记处理工具: HTMLParser — Simple HTML and XHTML parser sgmllib — Simple SGML parser htmllib — A parser for HTML documents htmlentitydefs — Definitions of HTML general entities XML Processing Modules XML vulnerabilities xml.etree.ElementTree — The ElementTree XML API xml.dom — The Document Object Model API xml.dom.minidom — Minimal DOM implementation xml.dom.pulldom — Support for building partial DOM trees xml.sax — Support for SAX2 parsers xml.sax.handler — Base classes for SAX handlers xml.sax.saxutils — SAX Utilities xml.sax.xmlreader — Interface for XML parsers xml.parsers.expat — Fast XML parsing using Expat 互联网协议和技术支持: webbrowser — Convenient Web-browser controller cgi — Common Gateway Interface support cgitb — Traceback manager for CGI scripts wsgiref — WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation urllib — Open arbitrary resources by URL urllib2 — extensible library for opening URLs httplib — HTTP protocol client ftplib — FTP protocol client poplib — POP3 protocol client imaplib — IMAP4 protocol client nntplib — NNTP protocol client smtplib — SMTP protocol client smtpd — SMTP Server telnetlib — Telnet client uuid — UUID objects according to RFC 4122 urlparse — Parse URLs into components SocketServer — A framework for network servers BaseHTTPServer — Basic HTTP server SimpleHTTPServer — Simple HTTP request handler CGIHTTPServer — CGI-capable HTTP request handler cookielib — Cookie handling for HTTP clients Cookie — HTTP state management xmlrpclib — XML-RPC client access SimpleXMLRPCServer — Basic XML-RPC server DocXMLRPCServer — Self-documenting XML-RPC server 第三方常用的50个库 Python: 50 modules for all needs Graphical interface wxPython http://wxpython.org Graphical interface pyGtk http://www.pygtk.org Graphical interface pyQT http://www.riverbankcomputing.co.uk/pyqt/ Graphical interface Pmw http://pmw.sourceforge.net/ Graphical interface Tkinter 3000 http://effbot.org/zone/wck.htm Graphical interface Tix http://tix.sourceforge.net/ Database MySQLdb http://sourceforge.net/projects/mysql-python Database PyGreSQL http://www.pygresql.org/ Database Gadfly http://gadfly.sourceforge.net/ Database SQLAlchemy http://www.sqlalchemy.org/ Database psycopg http://www.initd.org/pub/software/psycopg/ Database kinterbasdb http://kinterbasdb.sourceforge.net/ Database cx_Oracle http://www.cxtools.net/default.aspx?nav=downloads Database pySQLite http://initd.org/tracker/pysqlite MSN Messenger msnlib http://auriga.wearlab.de/~alb/msnlib/ MSN Messenger pymsn http://telepathy.freedesktop.org/wiki/Pymsn MSN Messenger msnp http://msnp.sourceforge.net/ Network Twisted http://twistedmatrix.com/ Images PIL http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/ Images gdmodule http://newcenturycomputers.net/projects/gdmodule.html Images VideoCapture http://videocapture.sourceforge.net/ Sciences and Maths scipy http://www.scipy.org/ Sciences and Maths NumPy http://numpy.scipy.org// Sciences and Maths numarray http://www.stsci.edu/resources/software_hardware/numarray Sciences and Maths matplotlib http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/ Games Pygame http://www.pygame.org/news.html Games Pyglet http://www.pyglet.org/ Games PySoy http://www.pysoy.org/ Games pyOpenGL http://pyopengl.sourceforge.net/ Jabber jabberpy http://jabberpy.sourceforge.net/ Web scrape http://zesty.ca/python/scrape.html Web Beautiful Soup http://crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup Web pythonweb http://www.pythonweb.org/ Web mechanize http://wwwsearch.sourceforge.net/mechanize/ Localisation geoname.py http://www.zindep.com/blog-zindep/Geoname-python/ Serial port pySerial http://pyserial.sourceforge.net/ Serial port USPP http://ibarona.googlepages.com/uspp Parallel Port pyParallel http://pyserial.sourceforge.net/pyparallel.html USB Port pyUSB http://bleyer.org/pyusb/ Windows ctypes http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/ctypes/ Windows pywin32 http://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32/ Windows pywinauto http://www.openqa.org/pywinauto/ Windows pyrtf http://pyrtf.sourceforge.net/ Windows wmi http://timgolden.me.uk/python/wmi.html PDA/GSM/Mobiles pymo http://www.awaretek.com/pymo.html PDA/GSM/Mobiles pyS60 http://sourceforge.net/projects/pys60 Sound pySoundic http://pysonic.sourceforge.net/ Sound pyMedia http://pymedia.org/ Sound FMOD http://www.fmod.org/ Sound pyMIDI http://www.cs.unc.edu/Research/assist/developer.shtml GMail libgmail http://libgmail.sourceforge.net/ Google pyGoogle http://pygoogle.sourceforge.net/ Expect pyExpect http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/ WordNet pyWordNet http://osteele.com/projects/pywordnet/ Command line cmd http://blog.doughellmann.com/2008/05/pymotw-cmd.html Compiler backend llvm-py http://mdevan.nfshost.com/llvm-py/ 3D VPython http://vpython.org